Dr. Ghulam Nadri, Assoc. Prof. History Department, Georgia State University, Atlanta,GA

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   The Greek civilization is one of the oldest civilizations in the world. It originated in what is present day Greece in south-eastern Europe and had a powerful cultural influence over a large part of the western world and parts of Asia. The civilization evolved over several millennia since the beginning of the Neolithic revolution in the 7th millennium BC but it actually flourished between the eighth and fourth centuries BC. The first Olympic Games were played in Greece in 776 BC, which marks the beginning of the classical period of the Greek civilization. Alexander the Great (died in 323 BC) was the last ruler of this classical Greek civilization. During this period, Greece went through extraordinary cultural advancements. Ancient Greek culture heavily influenced the language, art, architecture, politics, and philosophy of the entire western world including the Americas. Herodotus and Thucydides wrote the first historical accounts of politics and warfare in Greece and became the founding fathers of history. A major contribution of this civilization to the world was a system of government, which laid the foundation for the emergence of modern democratic nation states. In the middle of the second century BC, the Romans conquered Greece and with this the Greek political domination came to an end. The Greek culture, however, continued to influence the politics and society in subsequent periods.

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